INSTRUCTIONS FOR USING SEWING MACHINE MODEL JA2-1 ( FY2-1 / BLACK BEAUTY )

Sewing Machine Model JA is the most suit able household use sewing machine for sewing all kinds of thick and thin materials, embroidering etc. In addition to foot power, one may operate the machine by hand power with the help of a hand attachment set or by electricity by means of motor.

There are several types of Sewing Machine Model JA, such as JA1-1, JA2-1 and JA2-2. The last two are equipped with a reverse feeding mechanism that enables one to seal stitches without the trouble of reversing the material. Model JA2-2 is also equipped with an adjustable drop feed mechanism for conveniently regulating the drop feed low or high when sewing thick and thin materials. The machine head of Model JA household use sewing machine equipped with thread take up cam and oscillating shuttle by which the under and upper threads are locked to form stitches, is assembled by a combination of over 100 parts made of super-quality material. Before being released by the factory, each machine is subjected to repeated inspection to ensure smooth operation. 

The sewing machine is good, but trouble may arise through improper use and inadequate upkeep of the machine. Therefore, we present hereunder directions for usage and methods of upkeeping the machine for your guidance. 

Treadling: A new sewer is apt to run the balance wheel is a reverse direction thus rendering the thread hitched in the shuttle race or breaking the thread, so it is necessary to practice idls running. This is carried out as follows: Loosen the stop motion screw (fig 1), so as to turn merely the balance wheel. Then place both feet upon the treadle with the left foot a bit ahead of the right while keeping them eight or nine cm apart from each other (fig 2). Turn the balance wheel towards you continuously until it gathers speed, and you can run the balance wheel on and on always in the same direction, thereafter you can tighten the stop motion screw and commence sewing.

Winding the Bobbin: Loosen the stop motion screw. Fix a reel of thread onto the spool pin on the machine bed. After that pass the free end of thread through the tension disc (fig 3-1) and then pass it through one of the holes of the bobbin Pieses the bobbin onto the winder spindle, taking care to see the small pin in the spindle engages the notch in the right disc of the bobbin, Then press down the winder adjusting latch (fig 3-3), the bobbin winder latch (fig3-4) will drop at the same time upon the bobbin and the rubber pully drops as well and keeps in close contact with hub of the balance wheel with the assistance of threading, the thread is thereby wound upon the bobbin, When it is fully wound, the bobbin winder latch will skip off automatically. Take down the bobbin and retighten the stop motion screw. 

Removing Bobbin Case: Turn the balance wheel towards you until the needle bar is raised to its highest (fig 4-1), Then draw the bed slide open (fig 4-2) and pull out the latch lid of the bobbin case with the thumb and the fore finger of the left hand (fig 5-1) and take out the bobbin case.

Replacing Bobbin: Insert the fully wound bobbin into the bobbin case (fig 6). Allow the free end of thread to pass through the slot and under the tension spring leaf until it enters into the delivery eye leaving the end of thread about 7 cm to hang free

Replacing Bobbin Case into the Shuttle Race: Turn the balance wheel towards you until the needle bar is raised to its highest. Draw open the slid hold up the bobbin case by the latch, place it on to the center stud of the shuttle (fig 9-1), allowing the position finger of the bobbin case to set into the notch at the top of the shuttle race as shown in (fig 9-2)

Changing Needle: Turn the balance wheel toward you until the needle bar is raised to its highest. Loosen the needle clamp screw, take off the old needle (fig 10), and insert a new one into the needle clamp as far as it touches the screw, with its flat side facing the balance wheel, then tighten the needle clamp screw.

Upper Threading: Turn the balance wheel towards you until the needle bar is raised to its highest. Place a real of thread on the spool pin on the machine arm. Pass the end thread into the notch at the right top of the face plate (fig12-1), down and through the tension disc (fig 12-2) and fender level (fig 12-3) from back to front into the loop of the thread take-up spring (fig 12-4), up from back to front through the hole of the take-up level (fig 12-5), down through the face plate guide (fig 12-6) needle bar thread guide (fig 12-7), finally from left to right through the needle eye, leaving an end of thread about 7 cm for catching bobbin thread.

Catching Bobbin Thread: Hold the end of the upper thread with the left hand, and with your right hand turn gently the balance wheel towards you till the needle comes down and up again to its highest position, Pull the end of the thread in you left hand gently and it will bring up the bobbin thread (fig 13). Then lay the ends of both threads under the presser foot but a bit away from you (fig 14). Place the material under it and lower the presser foot, thereafter, start sewing.

Regulating Tension of The Upper and Lower Threads: If the tension of both upper and lower threads is normal, the result will be perfect, and the two threads will cross each other just inside the sewing material (fig 15). But if the upper thread is too tight or the lower one too loose, they will cross each other on the upper surface of the fabric (fig 16). In this case, you should either loosen the upper thread or tighten the lower one. If the upper thread is too loose or the lower one too tense, so they across one another on the underside of the fabric (fig 17), you will have to tighten the upper thread or loosen the lower one. Sometimes although the threads are locked inside the fabric, floating stitches appear; that means both the upper and lower threads are too loose. For correcting this, both upper and lower threads should be tightened. Sometimes although the cross point is right inside the sewing material, the material may wrinkle, and the thread is liable to break; for the upper and lower threads are still too tight. So, it is necessary to loosen them both.

 (1) To regulate tension of the upper thread: Turn the tension disc screw (Model JA2-2 JA2-1 and JA1-1, see fig 18-1, and fig 18-2) indicated by the arrow, and the thread will become tight; turn it in the opposite direction, and it will become loose.

(2) To regulate tension of the bobbin thread: Take out the bobbin case and turn the shuttle tension regulating screw (fig 19) in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the tension of the bobbin thread will become tight; turn it in the opposite direction, and it will become loose.

Regulating Stitch Length: For thick material, longer stitches are required, while for thin material, shorter ones, the numbers shown on the stitch indicator represent the different lengths of stitches. The larger the No, the longer the stitches; the smaller the No, the shorter the stitches. The regulating of stitch length for JA1-1: Loosen the stitch screw (fig 20-1), Then lower or raise the screw to the required length and retighten it, and the stitches will be just as long as desired. The stitch regulator of Model JA2-1 and Model JA2-2 has also the function of reverse feeding that enables you to seal stitches without the trouble of reversing the material. When you want to seal stitches during sewing, just move the stitch shifter (fig 21-1) over the median line, then the direction of the drop feed can be changed. Regulating stitch length is a very simple process.  Loosen the stitch regulating plate screw (fig 21-2) and lower it to the bottom. Then move the stitch shifter to the required stitch length and raise the stitch regulating plate screw so that it carries the stitch regulating plate (fig 21-3) to meet the stitch shifter. Now retighten the stitch regulating plate screw and the stitches will be just as long as desired, just by moving the stitch shifter up to the top and down to the bottom, the same stitch length can be obtained in sewing in both directions.

Regulating Pressure on Presser Foot: In order to effect smooth feeding of the drop feed, it is necessary to increase or decrease the pressure of the presser foot according to the thickness or thinness of the materials. it is advisable to use button type regulator. For sewing thick material, press down the sleeve of the regulator (fig 22-1-1) to increase the pressure. For sewing thin material, press down the screw sleeve of the regulator (fig 22-1-2) instead to decrease the pressure. If Model JA2-1, JA1-1, regulate the pressure according to (fig 22-2), increase the pressure, turn the pressure adjusting screw in the direction of arrow A. and to decrease in the direction of arrow B.

Adjusting the feed dog Height of Model JA2-2: The height of the feet dog is adjusted by switching the drop feed knob. When the thin fabric being sewn, the feed dog should be set lower. Turn the knob counterclockwise in order to decrease the height and clockwise to increase the height.

Embroidering: (1) Change the needle for one of No. 9-11, (2) Move the stitch shifter to the median line on the stitch indicator (Model JA1-1) move the stitch screw to its highest. (3) Pull up te presser foot level, loosen the presser foot screw and take off the presser foot. (4) Open the bed slide and fix the feed cover plate on the needle plate (fig 24). Make sure that the needle is pointing at the hole of the feed cover plate. (5) After upper threading, put down the presser foot level and catch the bobbin thread in the feed cover plate. After the thread take-up level is raised to its highest.  It is not suitable to leave an end of the upper thread longer than 2 cm for precaution against hitch of thread in the shuttle race. (6) Put the fabric to be embroidered into the embroidery frame, fix it tight and even to avoid wrinkles. (7) Pull up the presser foot level to raise the presser bar high enough to allow the mounted embroidery frame to get onto the feed cover plate. after that, lower the presser foot level and commence embroidering (fig 25). The speed of shifting the frame must be coordinated with that of the movement of the needle.

 

Dismounting the Belt: By moving the belt shifter (gig 26) to the left and working the treadle wheel by itself. To replace the belt, only put the belt in the right and turn the treadle wheel in sewing direction, then work the treadle to enable the belt to cling to troughed clamp at the rim of treadle wheel. A couple of revolutions of the treadle wheel will bring the belt into place.

The Usage of the Hand Attachment Set:  When a hand attachment set is fixed to the Sewing Machine JA, It is operated by hand. Being portable it can be operated on the table. It is best suited for household and travelling use. Before operation pull out the crank and fasten its arm (fig 27-2) to the fixing pin (fig 27-3) made for it. Then push the driving block into one of the spaces of the balance wheel (fig 27-4). Take hold of the crank, turn the wheel smoothly with the right hand in the direction indicated by the arrow as shown in (fig 27), and start sewing. Upon completion of sewing draw out the latch on the fixing pin (fig 27-5) so that the crank arm is free, and the crank can be push back to its original position. After the hand case is covered and locked the machine can be carried with ease.

Cleaning Shuttle Race: It is necessary to disassemble the shuttle race and take out the shuttle hook for cleaning after a long time of use. Otherwise, the fluff would accumulate there and cause frequent hitching of the thread. We have two types of shuttle race, back-open and front-open which are different in disassembling.

  • To disassemble the back-open shuttle race, take off the driving belt, turn up the machine head, raise the needle bar to its top position, take out the bobbin case, loosen the shuttle race screws (gig 28-1-1) by a screwdriver and you can remove the shuttle race. Hold the front -face of it with your left hand, take out the shuttle hook from the back-face of it with your right hand. Br careful that the hook tip should point downward, and the hook should lightly pull out of the center of the circle of the shuttle race. If the fluff accumulated in the shuttle retaining ring (fig 28-2-1), the ring should be removed before cleaning. Remove the ring spring (fig 28-2-3) by taking out the screw (fig 28-2-2) with a screwdriver. After cleaning, put the ring (bevel face outwards) into the two pins (fig 28-2-4), place the spring on it and retighten the screw. You can assemble the shuttle race by reversing the processes. Making sure that the guide rail (fig 28-2-5) should engage with the guide slot before retightening the shuttle race screws.
  • It is very simple to disassemble the front-open shuttle race, raise the needle bar to its top position, draw the slide plate open, and take out the bobbin case, push aside the left and the right latches (fig 28-3-1)

Remove the shuttle retaining ring (fig 28-3-2) and you can take out the shuttle hook (fig 28-3-3) from the front-face. After cleaning, replace the hook first, and put on the ring. Be careful that the pin at the side of the ring should engage with the notch (fig 28-3-4), shut the latches at last.

Lubrication: For easy and quiet running the bearings and contacting parts should be kept clean and lubricated constantly. This will prolong the life of the machine. For lubrication sewing machine oil should be used. Never use vegetable oil. One or two drops for each spot (see fig 29 -33) is sufficient. Excessive oiling is not advisable as this will stain the material to be sewn.

Chart Showing Different Sorts of Needle and Thread for different Types of Material

 

  Fineness of Thread
MaterialNeedle NoSilkFrabic
Very Thin Muslin Cambrid, Linen Embroidery etc.NM6580/3.70/380/3
Very Fine Calicoes, Linens, Shirtings, Fine Silk Goods, Embroidery, etcNM75 80/4.60/360/3
Shirtings Sheetings Bleached Calicoes. Muslins. Silk and General Domestic Goods etc.NM9050/345/3
All kinds of Heavy Calicoes, Light Woolen Goods and Heavy Silk Serge CorduroyNM9050/3 40/345/3
Tickings Woolen Good,s Thin Canvas, Trousers Cloaks, mantles, etcNM10040/3 32/4 

List of Trouble Usually Encountered and Their Possible Causes

  • Breaking of needle:
  • The needle used to be unsuitable for the material or the thread.
  • The shuttle back not being well replaced after cleaning of the shuttle race.
  • After change of needle, the needle being improperly set into the needle clamp or not being inserted into the uppermost end of the needle clamp. Screw in the needle clamp not being well tightened.
  • Needle being bent.
  • Presser foot being improperly fastened screw of the adjustable foot press not well tightened.
  • Moving of the fabric by force while sewing
  • Breaking of needle thread (upper thread)
  • Wrong Process of threading
  • Needle thread too tense, or poor quality of the thread used.
  • The balance wheel being turned in the wrong direction.
  • The reel of thread being over-fully wound, so that part of the thread being wound upon the spool pin.
  • Unsuitable needle used for a certain type of material or the thread.
  • The needle not well inserted or the needle being bent.
  • The shuttle body being damaged by knocking so that the place where the thread passes is rough.
  • Breaking of bobbin thread (under thread)
  • The hole of the needle plate being rough after the breaking of needle
  • Thread on the bobbin being loosely wound or over-full.
  • The shuttle race back being damaged by knocking so that the place where the thread passes is rough.
  • Tension of the bobbin thread being too strong
  • Hitching of thread in the shuttle race
  • The balance wheel being turned in the wrong direction.
  • The upper and lower thread not being pressed tight under the presser foot.
  • The end of the under thread not yet being picked up or being caught in the latch of the bobbin case.
  • Skipping of stitches
  • Unsuitable needle used for a certain type of material or the thread.
  • Needle being bent or its point too blunt.
  • The flat side of the needle facing the wrong direction after being inserted or the needle not well inserted.
  • The shuttle race back not being well replaced after cleaning of the shuttle race.
  • The presser foot being improperly fastened.
  • Wrinkling of the material or loosening of stitches
  • The pressure of the presser foot is too strong.
  • Either needle thread or bobbin thread being too tense or too loose
  • Accumulation of fluff or appearance of rust in the shuttle race or on the tension disc
  • The pressure on the presser foot incorrectly adjusted.
  • Improper working of the machine and excessive noise
  • Inadequate length of belt (either too long or too short)
  • Frictional parts or joints lacking oil, or not being lubricated often enough. Vegetable oil being used.
  • Leftover of fluff in the shuttle race or in the drop feed
  • The shuttle race back not well replaced after the shuttle race being cleaned.
  • Stop motion screw not being tightened.
  • The contacting and frictional parts being fixed too loose or too tight.
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